Investigation of Frequency Stability and Advancement of Active Hydrogen Clock

Rongjing Sun1, Bing Han2, Zhendong Peng3

1School of Economics, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu, 233000, China;

2School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, 611731, China;

3School of Glasgow, University of Electronic Science and Technology. Chengdu, 611731, China

Abstract: The active hydrogen atomic clock (hydrogen clock) based on a hydrogen atom maser (hydrogen maser) has an excellent short-to-medium-term frequency stability, and the atomic storage bubble is a key technology of the hydrogen maser. In this paper, the interaction between the electromagnetic field and the hydrogen atom ensemble in an atom storage bubble in a microwave resonator is discussed. The influence of system noise on the stability of self-excited oscillation frequency is analyzed from the perspective of phase noise. Considering different atomic storage time, the effect of different atomic storage time on frequency stability is analyzed. Finally, the development prospect of hydrogen bell is discussed.

Keywords: Atomic clocks; Hydrogen maser; Atomic storage bubble relaxation; Frequency stability