The Explanation of the Cause of the Lateral Rotation Phenomenon after the Collision between the Car and the Guardrail and the Suggestions for the Optimization of the Guardrail

Kuan Liu

Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400000, China

Abstract: For highways at all levels under different terrain, environment, investment and other specific con-ditions, roadside safety design is very important. To ensure the safety of vehicles, we need to conduct struc-tural safety analysis and evaluation on roadside guardrails. As a very important traffic safety facility, highway guardrail can effectively play its blocking role to prevent vehicles from directly rushing out of the road ｏｒ turning out of the road. Through analysis, it is found that small cars are generally equipped with airbags and seat belt devices. The direct collision between the vehicle and the guardrail resulted in fewer casualties. However, after the car collided with the wave guardrail, it turned and turned at a high speed, causing the driver in the car to throw out of the car, ｏｒ lose control, causing injury to nearby people It has become an important cause of casualties in car accidents. In order to explain the cause of the lateral rotation phenomenon, through collision simulation and theoretical analysis, based on the characteristics of the direction of the moment of the vehicle subjected to the vehicle, the different motion patterns after the vehicle collides with the guardrail are obtained. Based on the single-degree-of-freedom model of, using the deflection curve equation of the simply supported beam, the mathematical model of the passenger car when the lateral motion occurs is derived. The mathematical model shows that the factors that cause the lateral rotation of the small passenger car are not only related to the vehicle type, but also related to factors such as the speed of the vehicle before the collision, the angle of collision and the bending stiffness of the guardrail beam. The results show that by improving the bending rigidity of the highway guardrail, it is possible to prevent the small passenger vehicle from colliding with the guardrail and to effectively improve the safety factor of the drivers and passengers.

Keywords: Collision simulation; lateral movement; arresting effect; bending stiffness; safety factor